How does a living organism chemically change matter effectively?

The statement about a plant using energy from the sun to produce sugars accurately reflects the process of photosynthesis, which is a fundamental example of how living organisms chemically transform matter. During photosynthesis, plants capture sunlight and convert carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil into glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. This transformation effectively changes the chemical composition of the inputs (carbon dioxide and water) into new matter (glucose and oxygen).

This process is not only vital for the plant itself but also serves as the foundation of the food chain, providing energy for herbivores and, subsequently, carnivores. Therefore, the ability of plants to use solar energy to synthesize organic compounds plays a crucial role in the cycling of matter in ecosystems.

In contrast, the other options do not demonstrate the chemical transformation of matter. The release of spores by fungi, the respiration of fish through gills, and the action of chipmunks cracking open nuts primarily involve physical processes or the utilization of existing matter rather than the alteration of chemical compounds.